A Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) covering the euro zone as a whole showed manufacturing activity contracted in July at the fastest pace since COVID was cementing its grip on the world as demand slumped despite factories cutting their prices sharply.

Source: https://gazette.com/news/us-world/asias-factory-activity-shrinks-as-chinas-slump-global-slowdown-weigh/article_60474980-dc85-52b4-ad89-ece555e2d5bc.html

S&P Global's flash Composite Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) for the 20 countries that use the euro, seen as a good gauge of the bloc's overall economic health, climbed to a nine-month high of 52.3 in February from January's 50.3.

Source: https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/euro-zone-business-growth-9-month-high-pmi-1713143

S&P Global's Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) surveys generally track actual changes in business metrics such as output, employment and prices.

Source: https://seekingalpha.com/article/4575365-hong-kong-businesses-start-2023-in-most-optimistic-mood-for-over-a-decade?source=feed_all_articles

The latest UK manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index from S&P Global and the Chartered Institute of Procurement and Supply gave a reading of 47.1 in May, compared to 47.8 in April.

Source: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/money/markets/article-12147241/BUSINESS-LIVE-Pennon-hit-extreme-weather-Dr-Martens-profits-slump.html?ns_mchannel=rss&ns_campaign=1490&ito=1490